Random access improvement for M2M communication in LTE-A using femtocell

When an area is highly populated with Machine-to-Machine devices and all these devices attempt to access the Random Access Network Simultaneously, congestion is created on the network which degrades the performance of the network to other users. In this paper, the researchers are seeking to improve network accessibility by deploying more Femtocell into the network. They engaged the use of Extended Access Barring to restrict the M2M devices from accessing the network via macrocell eNB when a minimum load threshold is attained, thereby preventing the macrocell eNB from being congested. Deploying these Femtocells underneath the macrocell eNB comes with the issue of Inter-Cell Interference which nullifies any gains made by this deployment. The researchers employed Fractional Frequency Reuse and Complete Frequency Reuse schemes to mitigate the negative effects of ICI to augment the throughput of the network, improve the system capacity and enhanced the user experience within the network

Improving traffic and emergency vehicle clearence at congested intersections using fuzzy inference engine

Traffic signals play an important role in controlling and coordinating the traffic movement in cities especially in urban areas. As the traffic is exponentially increasing in cities and the pre-timed traffic light control is insufficient in effective timing of the traffic lights, it leads to poor traffic clearance and ultimately to heavy traffic congestion at intersections. Even the Emergency vehicles like Ambulance and Fire brigade are struck at such intersections and experience a prolonged waiting time. An adaptive and intelligent approach in design of traffic light signals is desirable and this paper contributes in applying fuzzy logic to control traffic signal of single four-way intersection giving priority to the Emergency vehicle clearance. The proposed control system is composed of two parallel controllers to select the appropriate lane for green signal and also to decide the appropriate green light time as per the real time traffic condition. Performance of the proposed system is evaluated by using simulations and comparing with pre-timed control system in changing traffic flow condition. Simulation results show significant improvement over the pre-timed control in terms of traffic clearance and lowering of Emergency vehicle wait time at the intersection especially when traffic intensity is high

A Cooperative Cache Management Scheme for IEEE802.15.4 based Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) based on the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC and PHY layer standards is a recent trend in the market. It has gained tremendous attention due to its low energy consumption characteristics and low data rates. However, for larger networks minimizing energy consumption is still an issue because of the dissemination of large overheads throughout the network. This consumption of energy can be reduced by incorporating a novel cooperative caching scheme to minimize overheads and to serve data with minimal latency and thereby reduce the energy consumption. This paper explores the possibilities to enhance the energy efficiency by incorporating a cooperative caching strategy

DEVELOPING UNIFIED MECHANISMS TO MOVE TOWARDS 5G THROUGH SOFTWARE-DEFINED NETWORKING

Software-Defined Networking is an approach to computer networks, which are programmable networks, allows network admins to manage network services through the perception of higher functionality. This architecture provides the cost-effective, dynamic, manageable, and adaptable, and suitable for the high bandwidth of data. This is a new idea of networking, which is commonly associated with the Open Flow protocol standards.  This paper will elaborately explain the complete architecture of the SDN and the other alternative implementations of protocol standards and services of SDN.  Furthermore, the future software applications of SDN and research issues will be studied. By comparing with historic perspective to recent developments, it will give the ideaof programmable networks. While showing the scenario the following must be noted

DEVELOPING UNIFIED MECHANISMS TO MOVE TOWARDS 5G THROUGH SOFTWARE-DEFINED NETWORKING

Software-Defined Networking is an approach to computer networks, which are programmable networks, allows network admins to manage network services through the perception of higher functionality. This architecture provides the cost-effective, dynamic, manageable, and adaptable, and suitable for the high bandwidth of data. This is a new idea of networking, which is commonly associated with the Open Flow protocol standards.  This paper will elaborately explain the complete architecture of the SDN and the other alternative implementations of protocol standards and services of SDN.  Furthermore, the future software applications of SDN and research issues will be studied. By comparing with historic perspective to recent developments, it will give the ideaof programmable networks. While showing the scenario the following must be noted

E-SDEEC: ENHANCED SONIC DISTRIBUTED ENERGY EFFICIENT CLUSTERING SCHEME FOR HETEROGENEOUS WSN

In a heterogeneous WSN higher energy nodes can become cluster heads more times than the nodes with low energies. When cluster head is selected and assigned to task them then it can be greatly contribute to energy efficiency which result in increasing in set of connection existence. In recent year many protocols had proposed for clustering structure. In this paper, we proposed four types of nodes in ESDEEC for prolonging the existence and stableness of the set of connection. Hence it increases the energy level of set of connection. Result shows that ESDEEC performs better than LEACH, SEP with more stableness

SELF-HANDOVER OPTIMIZATION IN LTEA MOBILE SYSTEM

In recent era, peoples are using to share information through mobile. Wireless communication with relay nodes allows broadband internet access through radio communication. Example of such communication is vehicular communications with backhaul links. However mobility management equipment of existing system does not allow the high mobility vehicles for instant communication. We suggested a user optimized handover mechanism with dual mobile relay devises for wireless communication, to allow high speed communication environment. Proposed work combines the individual cell handover parameters with hysteresis. Performance analysis indicates that our developed mechanism is removes communications number link failure & also reduces the service interruption during handover

MAC –QOS MULTIMEDIA CONGESTIONS IN LOAD BALANCING BASED MESH NETWORKS

Wireless mesh network (WMNs) is becoming   familiarly mostly due to their deployment flexible. Major overhead of this network is to provide QoS to their servers. Lot of research work has been done to improve the efficiency of the QoS but it put extra overhead on WMNs resources. One among the major considerable characteristics is to enhance QoS in WMNs is end to end delay. In the proposed work focus is made to decreases the delay, thereby it is possible to enhance the throughput and also increasing QoS. As delay multimedia congestion needs to transmit in a fixed time otherwise quality of multimedia congestion degrades. Thus our work aims to degrade the delay to send the real time traffic like multimedia. A hybrid simulation cum emulation- test-bed is built and used for addressing ViLBaS performance compared with analyzed A-TXOP is developed over Re_AP to further enhance the performance of video congestion. Re_AP with A-TXOP helps in decreasing the delay of real-time congestion by over 32% and further enhances the quality of real-time congestion compared with Re_AP without A-TXOP. Finally, we have TXOP-accessible, whose goal is to reduce the delay of real time congestion. It includes using the TXOP to send to multiple receivers, for further analyzing the TXOP interval totally. This also decreases the multiple of contentions to the medium and hence decreases the delay of real-time congestion by over 14%. A-TXOP is developed over Re_AP to uphold improvement